Compare Tokelau (2002) - Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2002)

Compare Tokelau (2002) z Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2002)

	Tokelau (2002)	Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2002)

Administrative divisions	none (territory of New Zealand)	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)
Age structure	0-14 years: 42% 15-64 years: 53% 65 years and over: 5% (1996 est.)	0-14 years: NA% 15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA%
Agriculture - products	coconuts, copra, breadfruit, papayas, bananas; pigs, poultry, goats	fodder and vegetable crops; sheep, dairy products
Airports	none; lagoon landings are possible by amphibious aircraft (2001)	5 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways	-	total: 2 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	-	total: 3 3 under 914 m: 3 (2002)
Area	total: 10 sq km land: 10 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 12,173 sq km land: 12,173 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the two main islands of East and West Falkland and about 200 small islands
Area - comparative	about 17 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC	slightly smaller than Connecticut
Background	Originally settled by Polynesian emigrants from surrounding island groups, the Tokelau Islands were made a British protectorate in 1889. They were transferred to New Zealand administration in 1925.	Although first sighted by an English navigator in 1592, the first landing (English) did not occur until almost a century later in 1690, and the first settlement (French) was not established until 1764. The colony was turned over to Spain two years later and the islands have since been the subject of a territorial dispute, first between Britain and Spain, then between Britain and Argentina. The UK asserted its claim to the islands by establishing a naval garrison there in 1833. Argentina invaded the islands on 2 April 1982. The British responded with an expeditionary force that landed seven weeks later and after fierce fighting forced Argentine surrender on 14 June 1982.
Birth rate	NA births/1,000 population	NA births/1,000 population
Budget	revenues: $430,830 expenditures: $2.8 million, including capital expenditures of $37,300	revenues: $66.2 million expenditures: $67.9 million, including capital expenditures of $23.2 million
Capital	none; each atoll has its own administrative center	Stanley
Climate	tropical; moderated by trade winds (April to November)	cold marine; strong westerly winds, cloudy, humid; rain occurs on more than half of days in year; occasional snow all year, except in January and February, but does not accumulate
Coastline	101 km	1,288 km
Constitution	administered under the Tokelau Islands Act of 1948, as amended in 1970	3 October 1985; amended 1997 and 1998
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Tokelau	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
Currency	New Zealand dollar (NZD)	Falkland pound (FKP)
Death rate	NA deaths/1,000 population	NA deaths/1,000 population
Debt - external	$0	$NA
Dependency status	self-administering territory of New Zealand; note - Tokelauans are drafting a constitution, developing institutions and patterns of self-government as Tokelau moves toward free association with New Zealand	overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (territory of New Zealand)	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (territory of New Zealand)	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)
Disputes - international	none	claimed by Argentina
Economic aid - recipient	from New Zealand about $4 million annually	none
Economy - overview	Tokelau's small size (three villages), isolation, and lack of resources greatly restrain economic development and confine agriculture to the subsistence level. The people rely heavily on aid from New Zealand - about $4 million annually - to maintain public services, annual aid being substantially greater than GDP. The principal sources of revenue come from sales of copra, postage stamps, souvenir coins, and handicrafts. Money is also remitted to families from relatives in New Zealand.	The economy was formerly based on agriculture, mainly sheep farming, but today fishing contributes the bulk of economic activity. In 1987 the government began selling fishing licenses to foreign trawlers operating within the Falklands exclusive fishing zone. These license fees total more than $40 million per year, which goes to support the island's health, education, and welfare system. Squid accounts for 75% of the fish taken. Dairy farming supports domestic consumption; crops furnish winter fodder. Exports feature shipments of high-grade wool to the UK and the sale of postage stamps and coins. The islands are now self-financing except for defense. The British Geological Survey announced a 200-mile oil exploration zone around the islands in 1993, and early seismic surveys suggest substantial reserves capable of producing 500,000 barrels per day; to date no exploitable site has been identified. An agreement between Argentina and the UK in 1995 seeks to defuse licensing and sovereignty conflicts that would dampen foreign interest in exploiting potential oil reserves. Tourism is increasing rapidly, with about 30,000 visitors in 2001. The second largest source of income is interest paid on money the government has in the bank. The British military presence also provides a sizeable economic boost.
Electricity - consumption	NA kWh	11.2 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports	-	0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports	-	0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production	NA kWh	12 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: NA% hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA%	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 5 m	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Usborne 705 m
Environment - current issues	very limited natural resources and overcrowding are contributing to emigration to New Zealand	overfishing by unlicensed vessels is a problem; reindeer were introduced to the islands in 2001 for commercial reasons; this is the only commercial reindeer herd in the world unaffected by the Chornobyl disaster
Ethnic groups	Polynesian	British
Exchange rates	New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 2.3535 (January 2002), 2.3776 (2001), 2.1863 (2000), 1.8886 (1999), 1.8632 (1998), 1.5083 (1997)	Falkland pounds per US dollar - 0.6981 (January 2002), 0.6944 (2001), 0.6596 (2000), 0.6180 (1999), 0.6037 (1998), 0.6106 (1997); note - the Falkland pound is at par with the British pound
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and New Zealand are represented by Administrator Lindsay WATT (since NA March 1993) head of government: Aliki Faipule Pio TUIA (since NA 2002) cabinet: the Council of Faipule, consisting of three elected leaders - one from each atoll - functions as a cabinet elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade in New Zealand; the head of government is chosen from the Council of Faipule and serves a one-year term	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Governor Howard PEARCE (since 3 December 2002); Chief Executive A. M. GURR (since NA); Financial Secretary D. F. HOWATT (since NA) cabinet: Executive Council; three members elected by the Legislative Council, two ex officio members (chief executive and the financial secretary), and the governor elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch
Exports	$98,000 f.o.b. (1983)	$7.6 million (1995)
Exports - commodities	stamps, copra, handicrafts	wool, hides, meat
Exports - partners	NZ	UK, Japan, Chile, NZ
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	1 April - 31 March
Flag description	the flag of New Zealand is used	blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Falkland Island coat of arms in a white disk centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms contains a white ram (sheep raising is the major economic activity) above the sailing ship Desire (whose crew discovered the islands) with a scroll at the bottom bearing the motto DESIRE THE RIGHT
GDP	purchasing power parity - $1.5 million (1993 est.)	purchasing power parity - $52 million (1996 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $1,000 (1993 est.)	purchasing power parity - $19,000
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	1%
Geographic coordinates	9 00 S, 172 00 W	51 45 S, 59 00 W
Geography - note	consists of three atolls, each with a lagoon surrounded by a number of reef-bound islets of varying length and rising to over three meters above sea level	deeply indented coast provides good natural harbors; short growing season
Highways	total: NA km paved: NA km unpaved: NA km	total: 550 km paved: at least 50 km unpaved: NA (2002)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	$323,000 c.i.f. (1983)	$24.7 million (1995)
Imports - commodities	foodstuffs, building materials, fuel	fuel, food and drink, building materials, clothing
Imports - partners	NZ	UK, Japan, Chile, NZ
Independence	none (territory of New Zealand)	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	NA%
Industries	small-scale enterprises for copra production, woodworking, plaited craft goods; stamps, coins; fishing	wool and fish processing; sale of stamps and coins; tourism
Infant mortality rate	38 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)	NA deaths/1,000 live births
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	NA%	3.6% (1998) (1998)
International organization participation	SPC, UNESCO (associate), WHO (associate)	ICFTU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	1 (2000)	2 (2000)
Irrigated land	NA sq km	NA sq km
Judicial branch	Supreme Court in New Zealand exercises civil and criminal jurisdiction in Tokelau	Supreme Court (chief justice is a nonresident); Magistrates Court (senior magistrate presides over civil and criminal divisions); Court of Summary Jurisdiction
Labor force	NA	1,100 (est.)
Labor force - by occupation	-	agriculture 95% (mostly sheepherding and fishing)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% (soil is thin and infertile) permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (99% permanent pastures, 1% other) (1998 est.)
Languages	Tokelauan (a Polynesian language), English	English
Legal system	New Zealand and local statutes	English common law
Legislative branch	unicameral General Fono (48 seats; members chosen by each atoll's Council of Elders or Taupulega to serve three-year terms); note - the Tokelau Amendment Act of 1996 confers limited legislative power on the General Fono	unicameral Legislative Council (10 seats - 2 ex officio, 8 elected by popular vote, members serve four-year terms); presided over by the governor elections: last held 22 November 2001 (next to be held NA November 2005) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 8; note - 71% voter turnout
Life expectancy at birth	total population: NA years male: 68 years (2001) female: 70 years (2001)	total population: NA years male: NA years female: NA years
Literacy	NA	-
Location	Oceania, group of three atolls in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand	Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of southern Argentina
Map references	Oceania	South America
Maritime claims	exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	continental shelf: 200 NM exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	none (2002 est.)	none (2002 est.)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of New Zealand	defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches	-	British Forces Falkland Islands no regular indigenous military forces; (includes Army, Royal Air Force, and Royal Navy), Police Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure	-	$NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	-	NA%
National holiday	Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840)	Liberation Day, 14 June (1982)
Nationality	noun: Tokelauan(s) adjective: Tokelauan	noun: Falkland Islander(s) adjective: Falkland Island
Natural hazards	lies in Pacific typhoon belt	strong winds persist throughout the year
Natural resources	NEGL	fish, wildlife
Net migration rate	NA migrant(s)/1,000 population	NA migrant(s)/1,000 population
Political parties and leaders	none	none; all independents
Political pressure groups and leaders	none	none
Population	1,431 (July 2002 est.)	2,967 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	-0.92% (2002 est.)	2.44% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors	none; offshore anchorage only	Stanley
Radio broadcast stations	AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA note: each atoll has a radio broadcast station of unknown type that broadcasts shipping and weather reports (1998)	AM 1, FM 7, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios	1,000 (1997)	1,000 (1997)
Railways	0 km	0 km
Religions	Congregational Christian Church 70%, Roman Catholic 28%, other 2% note: on Atafu, all Congregational Christian Church of Samoa; on Nukunonu, all Roman Catholic; on Fakaofo, both denominations, with the Congregational Christian Church predominant	primarily Anglican, Roman Catholic, United Free Church, Evangelist Church, Jehovah's Witnesses, Lutheran, Seventh-Day Adventist
Sex ratio	NA	-
Suffrage	21 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: adequate domestic: radiotelephone service between islands international: radiotelephone service to Samoa; government-regulated telephone service (TeleTok), with 3 satellite earth stations, established in 1997	general assessment: NA domestic: government-operated radiotelephone and private VHF/CB radiotelephone networks provide effective service to almost all points on both islands international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) with links through London to other countries
Telephones - main lines in use	NA	NA
Telephones - mobile cellular	0 (2001)	NA
Television broadcast stations	-	2 (operated by the British Forces Broadcasting Service) note: cable television is available in Stanley (2002)
Terrain	low-lying coral atolls enclosing large lagoons	rocky, hilly, mountainous with some boggy, undulating plains
Total fertility rate	NA children born/woman	NA children born/woman
Unemployment rate	NA%	full employment; labor shortage
Waterways	none	none

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